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Saturday, May 28, 2011

Sumatra: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution (Geological Society Memoirs, No. 31)







Sumatra: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution (Geological Society Memoirs, No. 31)
Publisher: Geological Society of London | ISBN: 1862391807 | edition 2005 | PDF | 300 pages | 47,8 mb
 This volume provides the first comprehensive account of the geology of Sumatra since the masterly synthesis of van Bemmelen (1949). Following the establishment of the Geological Survey of Indonesia, after WW II, the whole island has been mapped geologically at the reconnaissance level, with the collaboration of the geological surveys of the United States and the United Kingdom. The mapping programme, completed in the mid-1990s, together with supplementary data obtained by academic institutions and petroleum and mineral exploration companies, has resulted in a vast increase in geological information, which is summarized in this volume. The synthesis of structural controls on sedimentation and magmatism during the tectonic evolution of Sumatra since the late Palaeozoic has provided a background for the formation of economic deposits of metallic minerals, coal, oil and gas. The volume provides a sound basis for future geological research and for the exploration of the energy and mineral resources of the island.

CONTENT

Chapter 1. Introduction and previous research (3.0 Mb)
A. J. BARBER, M. J. CROW & J. S. MILSOM 
  • History of geological research in Sumatra before WWII
  • Post-WWII research
  • SEATAR Programme
  • Indonesian Petroleum Association
  • British and Indonesian Geological Surveys
  • University of London Southeast Asian Research Group, BGS and LEMIGAS 
  • Southern Sumatra Project

Chapter 2. Seismology and neotectonics (2.2 Mb)
J. S. MILSOM
  • Shallow seismicity
  • The Wadati-Benioff Zone (WBZ)
  • Toba seismicity
  • Relative horizontal movements
  • GPS data, the Enggano and Simeulue earthquakes and Mentawai Fault
  • Vertical movements
Chapter 3. The gravity field (1.6 Mb)
J. S. MILSOM & A. S. D. WALKER
  • Data sources
  • Regional gravity patterns
  • Toba-Tawar gravity low
  • Eastern Sumatra
  • Gravity effects of sedimentary basins
  • The forearc basin
  • Seismic tomography and the long-wavelength gravity field
Chapter 4. Pre-Tertiary stratigraphy (3.8 Mb)
A. J. BARBER • M. J. CROW
  • Pre-Carboniferous basement
  • Tapanuli Group (Carboniferous - ?Early Permian)
  • Peusanguan Group (Permo-Triassic)
  • Woyla Group (Jurassic-Cretaceous)
Chapter 5. Granites (1.4 Mb)
E. J. COBBING
  • Isotopic ages of Sumatran granites
  • The granite suites
  • Conclusions
Chapter 6. Pre-Tertiary volcanic rocks (2.5 Mb)
M. J. CROW
  • Carboniferous volcanism
  • East Sumatra Plutonic-Volcanic Belt (Permian volcanism)
  • West Sumatra Permian Plutonic-Volcanic Belt (Early-Mid-Permian volcanism)
  • Geochemistry of the Silungkang and Palepat Formations
  • Metavolcanics and serpentinites in the Medial Sumatra Tectonic Zone
  • Bentong-Billiton Accretionary Complex
  • West Sumatra Triassic Plutonic-Volcanic Arc
  • Pahang Volcanic Belt
  • Jurassic-Cretaceous Plutonic-Volcanic Arcs
  • Volcanics in the Woyla Accretionary Complex
  • Oceanic volcanic arc fragments
  • Origins of the volcanic units and their environments of formation
Chapter 7. Tertiary stratigraphy (1.8 Mb)
M. E. M. DE SMET & A. J. BARBER
  • Stratigraphic review
  • Pre-Rift stage (Eocene)
  • Horst and graben stage (latest Eocene-Oligocene)
  • Transgressive stage (Late Oligocene-Mid-Miocene)
  • Maximum transgression (Mid-Miocene)
  • Regressive stage (Mid-Miocene-Present)
  • Summary
Chapter 8. Tertiary volcanicity (2.1 Mb)
M. J. CROW
  • Radiometric dating of volcanism and plutonism in Sumatra
  • Tertiary volcanic stratigraphy
  • Major and trace element geochemistry of the Tertiary volcanic rocks
  • Volcanism, plutonism and subduction beneath Sumatra during the Tertiary: summary of Tertiary volcanism and tectonic overview
Chapter 9. Quaternary volcanicity (1.5 Mb)
M. GASPARON
  • Quaternary volcanic arc and its relationship with main tectonic features of Sumatra
  • Pyroclastic deposits
  • Quaternary arc volcanoes
  • Quaternary backarc volcanics
  • Volcanic hazard
Chapter 10. Fuel resources: oil and gas (1.6 Mb)
J. CLURE
  • North Sumatra Basin
  • Central Sumatra Basin
  • South Sumatra Basin
  • Other Sumatran basins
Chapter 11. Fuel resources: coal (0.5 Mb)
L. P. THOMAS
  • Geology and coal deposits in Sumatra
  • Coal quality
  • Coal resources and production
Chapter 12. Metallic mineral resources (2.7 Mb)
M. J. CROW & T. M. VAN LEEUWEN
  • Sources of data
  • Timing of metallic mineralization events in Sumatra
  • Palaeozoic sedimentary basins (Pb-Zn)
  • Late Triassic-Early Jurassic magmatic arc and the Tin Granites (Sn, Wo)
  • Jurassic to Early Cretaceous magmatic arcs (Cu, Au)
  • Woyla Group and Accretion Complex (Au-Ag, Pb-Zn)
  • Late Cretaceous magmatic arc (Sn, Au-Ag)
  • Palaeocene magmatic arc (Cu, Au-Ag)
  • Late Eocene-Early Miocene magmatic arc
  • Miocene-Pliocene magmatic arc (porphyry Cu, Mo)
  • Neogene magmatic arc (Au-Ag)
  • Conclusions
Chapter 13. Structure and structural history (17.7 Mb)
A. J. BARBER • M. J. CROW
  • The Sunda forearc
  • The Barisan Mountains
  • Tertiary basins in the backarc area
Chapter 14. Tectonic evolution (6.1 Mb)
A. J. BARBER, M. J. CROW & M. E. M. DE SMET
  • Pulunggono & Cameron (1984) model
  • Fontaine & Gafoer (1989) model
  • Metcalfe (1996) model
  • Hutchison (1994) model
  • Revised tectonic model for Sumatra
  • The Woyla Nappe and the Mesozoic evolution of the Sundaland margin
  • Tertiary palaeogeography of Sumatra
  • Recommendations for future work on Sumatran geology
Appendix Radiometric age data for Sumatra (3.2 Mb)

    Geophysical Field Theory and Method, Part A, Volume 49: Gravitational, Electric, and Magnetic Fields


    Geophysical Field Theory and Method, Part A, Volume 49: Gravitational, Electric, and Magnetic Fields
    Academic Press | June 22, 1992 | ISBN-10: 0124020410 | 581 pages | PDF | 19 Mb
    An essential book for all students and scientists in the field, Part A of Geophysical Field Theory and Method describes the physical and mathematical principles of geophysical methods, specifically the behavior of gravitational, electrical, and magnetic fields. The broader use of these methods underlines the far-reaching appeal of this book. Oil and mineral prospecting, solving groundwater and engineering problems, and well-logging are just some of the activities which involve geophysical methods. Parts B and C will be devoted to the theory of fields and applied to electromagnetic, seismic, nuclear, and geothermal methods.


    CONTENT

    Chapter I Fields and Their Generators (4.8 Mb)
    I.1 Scalars and Vectors, Systems of Coordinates 1
    I.2 The Solid Angle 12
    I.3 Fields 22
    I.4 Scalar Field and Gradient 23
    I.5 Geometric Model of a Field 36
    I.6 Flux, Divergence, Gauss' Theorem 40
    I.7 Voltage, Circulation, Curl, Stokes' Theorem 52
    I.8 Two Types of Fields and Their Generators: Field Equations 66
    I.9 Harmonic Fields 81
    I.10 Source Fields 100
    I.11 Vortex Fields 123
    References 136

    Chapter II The Gravitational Field (2.1 Mb)
    II.1 Newton's Law of Attraction and the Gravitational Field 139
    II.2 Determination of the Gravitational Field 157
    II.3 System of Equations of the Gravitational Field and Upward Continuation 178
    References 199

    Chapter III Electric Fields (6.7 Mb)
    III.1 Coulomb's Law 200
    III.2 System of Equations for the Time-Invariant Electric Field and Potential 213
    III.3 The Electric Field in the Presence of Dielectrics 238
    III.4 Electric Current, Conductivity, and Ohm's Law 251
    III.5 Electric Charges in a Conducting Medium 265
    III.6 Resistance 274
    III.7 The Extraneous Field and Its Electromotive Force 286
    III.8 The Work of Coulomb and Extraneous Forces, Joule's Law 299
    III.9 Determination of the Electric Field in a Conducting Medium 304
    III.l0 Behavior of the Electric Field in a Conducting Medium 326
    References 396

    Chapter IV Magnetic Fields (5.1 Mb)
    IV.1 Interaction of Currents, Biot-Savart's Law, the Magnetic Field 398
    IV.2 The Vector Potential of the Magnetic Field 405
    IV.3 The System of Equations of the Magnetic Field B Caused by Conduction Currents 425
    IV.4 Determination of the Magnetic Field B Caused by Conduction Currents 432
    IV.5 Behavior of the Magnetic Field Caused by Conduction Currents 444
    IV.6 Magnetization and Molecular Currents: The Field H and Its Relation to the Magnetic Field B 481
    IV.7 Systems of Equations for the Magnetic Field B and the Field H 493
    IV.8 Behavior of the Magnetic Field Caused by Currents in the Earth 511
    References 565


    Index (0.5 Mb)
    International Geophysics Series 579

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    Roy Merritt - Coal Exploration, Mine Planning and Development


    Roy Merritt - Coal Exploration, Mine Planning and Development
    Publisher: William Andrew | 1987-01-14 | ISBN: 0815510705 | PDF | 478 pages | 101.70 MB

    This is an important look at coal exploration and mining worldwide, with discussions on the parameters and decision-making factors in drilling and processing coal.

    Contents
    GENERAL UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS xi
    1. INTRODUCTION TO COAL AND COAL ISSUES  (4.2 Mb)
    2. COAL DEPOSITS OF THE WORLD  (2.0 Mb)
    3. EXPLORATION AND MAPPING METHODS  (6.1 Mb)
    4. METHODS IN LOGISTICAL PLANNING  (0.5 Mb)
    5. DEPOSITIONAL MODELING METHODS  (7.6 Mb)
    6. METHODS IN BASINAL ANALYSIS  (2.2 Mb)
    7. METHODS IN RESOURCE MODELING (3.0 Mb)
    8. SAMPLING METHODS (2.3 Mb)
    9. METHODS OF ANALYSIS (10.0 Mb)
    10. METHODS IN DATA ACQUISITION AND PROJECTION (1.6 Mb)
    11. METHODS IN DATA SYNTHESIS AND INTERPRETATION (1.3 Mb)
    12. METHODS IN GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF COAL INFORMATION (2.1 Mb)
    13. METHODS IN REFERENCE, INFORMATION COMPILATION, AND LITERATURE REVIEW (0.4 Mb)
    14. METHODS IN PREMINE PLANNING (3.9 Mb)
    15. METHODS IN ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE PROTECTION (3.9 Mb)
    16. FUTURE METHODS (0.3 Mb)
    17. GLOSSARY (26.1 Mb)
    18. BIBLIOGRAPHY (6.1 Mb)
    19. SUBJECT INDEX (19.5 Mb)

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    Wednesday, May 25, 2011

    Applied Geophysics



    Applied Geophysics By W. M. Telford, L. P. Geldart, R. E. Sheriff
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press 2004 | 792 Pages | ISBN: 0521339383 , 0521326931 | PDF
     
     
    Completely revised and updated, this new edition of the popular and highly regarded textbook, Applied Geophysics, describes the physical methods involved in exploration for hydrocarbons and minerals. These tools include gravity, magnetic, seismic, electrical, electromagnetic, and radioactivity studies. All aspects of these methods are described, including theoretical considerations, data acquisition, and data processing and interpretation, with the objective of locating concentrations of natural resources and defining their extent. In the past fourteen years or so since the writing of Applied Geophysics, there have been many changes in the field of exploration geophysics. The authors give full treatment to changes in this field, which include improved techniques for calculating gravity fields, the use of proton-precession and optically-pumped magnetometers, improved quality of seismic data, magnetotelluric as a practical exploration method, new electromagnetic exploration methods, the use of gamma-ray spectrometers in radioactive exploration, and improved well-logging techniques. The intent is to be practical, and thus many actual examples and problems are given. Moreover, wherever possible in this edition the authors adopt the use of Système Internationale (SI) units, which were not in standared use at the time of the first edition. The reader needs only a general background knowledge of geology, physics, and mathematics. Most of the math can be skipped by those interested only in the results. Advanced mathematical concepts are explained in the appendix. 

    CONTENT


    Saturday, May 21, 2011

    The Technology Of Artificial Lift Methods Vol. 1 Kermit E. Brown







    The Technology Of Artificial Lift Methods Vol. 1 Kermit E. Brown
      PennWell Books | PDF | 491 pages | 15 Mb


    Contents
    Chapter 1 Inflow Performace
    1.1   introduction
    1.2   Types Of reservoirs
    1.3   Inflow performance relationship
    Chapter 2 Multiphase flow in pipes
    2.1 Introdution
    2.2 Mathematical and physical bases for pressure loss calculation multhiphase flow
    2.3 Vertical Flow
    2.4 Horizontal Flow
    2.5 Inclined or hilly terrain multiphase flow
    2.6 Directional Multiphase Flow
    2.7 Summary and conclusions
    Chapter 3 The flowing well including choke bean performance
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 the overall flowing system
    3.3 Methods of analysis
    3.4 Irregular production
    3.5 Flow of fluids through surface choke, restriction, and fittings
    3.6 Wells flowing with no surface choke (unrestricted production)
    3.7 Flwoing wells with surface chokes
    3.8 comparisons of wells flowing with and without  a choke
    3.9 Economic analysis of the flowing well

    Download  all Part to extract this file.

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    Thursday, May 19, 2011

    Introduction to Physical Geology



    Introduction to Physical Geology
    Publisher: Brooks Cole | ISBN: 0030243483 | edition 1997 | PDF | 398 pages | 16,4 mb
    Written for an introductory one-semester geology course, this text is a brief version of Thompson/Turk's MODERN PHYSICAL GEOLOGY. Thompson/Turk's brief text offers professors a more streamlined alternative to the longer, more detailed introductory text. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL GEOLOGY emphasizes human-environment inte
    Gray Thompson is Professor of Geology at The University of Montana, where he teaches Introductory Geology, Mineralogy, Summer Field Mapping, and graduate courses in Clay Mineralogy and Shale Petrology. He has published more than twenty research papers in international journals, mostly co-authored with his students. He is also a mountaineer and professional guide with first ascents, many with Jon Turk, of peaks and routes in the Rocky authored Mountains, Alaska, the Yukon, Baffin Island, the Alps, the Karakoram, and the Himalayas. He has many articles published in international climbing magazines and journals, and has been the subject of other articles in these publications. Many of the photographs in this text were taken by Thompson and Turk on their climbing trips and expeditions over the past 15 years. 


    Content

    1.1 THE SCIENCE OF GEOLOGY
    1.2 UNIFORMITARIANISM AND CATASTROPHISM
    1.3 GEOLOGIC TIME
    1.4 THE EARTH’S ORIGIN
    1.5 GEOLOGIC CHANGE THE ENVIRONMENT

    2.1 AN OVERVIEW OF PLATE TECTONICS
    2.2 THE EARTH’S LAYERS
    2.3 PLATES AND PLATE TECTONICS
    2.4 THE ANATOMY OF A TECTONIC PLATE
    2.5 CONSEQUENCES OF MOVING PLATES
    2.6 THE SEARCH FOR A MECHANISM
    2.7 SUPERCONTINENTS
    2.8 ISOSTASY: VERTICAL MOVEMENT OF THE LITHOSPHERE

    3.1 WHAT IS A MINERAL?
    3.2 ELEMENTS,ATOMS,AND THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MINERALS
    3.3 CRYSTALS:THE CRYSTALLINE NATURE OF MINERALS
    3.4 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS
    3.5 ROCK-FORMING MINERALS, ACCESSORY MINERALS,GEMS,ORE MINERALS,AND INDUSTRIAL MINERALS
    3.6 MINERAL CLASSIFICATION
    3.7 IONIC SUBSTITUTION

    4.1 ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE
    4.2 IGNEOUS ROCKS:THE ORIGINS OF MAGMA
    4.3 CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
    4.4 COMMON IGNEOUS ROCKS
    4.5 PARTIAL MELTING AND THE ORIGINS OF COMMON IGNEOUS ROCKS

    5.1 THE BEHAVIOR OF MAGMA
    5.2 PLUTONS
    5.3 VOLCANIC ROCKS AND VOLCANOES
    5.4 VIOLENT MAGMA: ASH-FLOW TUFFS AND CALDERAS
    5.5 RISK ASSESSMENT: PREDICTING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

    6.1 WEATHERING
    6.2 MECHANICAL WEATHERING
    6.3 CHEMICAL WEATHERING
    6.4 CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL WEATHERING OPERATING TOGETHER
    6.5 SOIL
    6.6 SOIL-FORMING FACTORS

    7.1 TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    7.2 CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    7.3 ORGANIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    7.4 CHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    7.5 BIOCLASTIC ROCKS
    7.6 SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES
    7.7 INTERPRETING SEDIMENTARY ROCKS: DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

    8.1 MINERAL STABILITY AND METAMORPHISM
    8.2 METAMORPHIC CHANGES
    8.3 TYPES OF METAMORPHISM AND METAMORPHIC ROCKS
    8.4 MEASURING METAMORPHIC GRADE

    9.1 GEOLOGIC TIME
    9.2 RELATIVE GEOLOGIC TIME
    9.3 UNCONFORMITIES
    9.4 FOSSILS AND FAUNAL SUCCESSION
    9.5 CORRELATION
    9.6 ABSOLUTE GEOLOGIC TIME
    9.7 THE GEOLOGIC COLUMN AND TIME SCALE

    10.1 WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE?
    10.2 EARTHQUAKE WAVES
    10.3 EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE
    10.4 EARTHQUAKES AND TECTONIC PLATE BOUNDARIES
    10.5 EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION
    10.6 STUDYING THE EARTH’S INTERIOR
    10.7 THE EARTH’S MAGNETISM

    11.1 THE EARTH’S OCEANS
    11.2 STUDYING THE SEA FLOOR
    11.3 SEA-FLOOR MAGNETISM
    11.4 THE MID-OCEANIC RIDGE
    11.5 SEDIMENT AND ROCKS OF THE DEEP SEA FLOOR
    11.6 CONTINENTAL MARGINS
    11.7 ISLAND ARCS
    11.8 SEAMOUNTS AND OCEANIC ISLANDS

    12.1 ROCK DEFORMATION
    12.2 GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES
    12.3 MOUNTAINS AND MOUNTAIN RANGES
    12.4 ISLAND ARCS: MOUNTAIN BUILDING DURING CONVERGENCE BETWEEN TWO OCEANIC PLATES
    12.5 THE ANDES: SUBDUCTION AT A CONTINENTAL MARGIN
    12.6 THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAIN CHAIN: A COLLISION BETWEEN CONTINENTS
    12.7 THE ORIGIN OF CONTINENTS

    13.1 MASS WASTING
    13.2 FACTORS THAT CONTROL MASS WASTING
    13.3 TYPES OF MASS WASTING
    13.4 THREE CASE STUDIES: MASS WASTING TRIGGERED BY EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
    13.5 PREDICTING AND AVOIDING LANDSLIDES

    14.1 THE WATER CYCLE
    14.2 STREAMS
    14.3 STREAM EROSION
    14.4 STREAM DEPOSITS
    14.5 DOWNCUTTING AND BASE LEVEL
    14.6 DRAINAGE BASINS
    14.7 FLOODS
    14.8 LAKES

    15.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUND WATER
    15.2 MOVEMENT OF GROUND WATER
    15.3 USE OF GROUND WATER
    15.4 GROUND-WATER POLLUTION
    15.5 GROUND WATER AND NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL
    15.6 CAVERNS AND KARST TOPOGRAPHY
    15.7 HOT SPRINGS AND GEYSERS
    15.8 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

    16.1 WHY DO DESERTS EXIST?
    16.2 DESERT LANDFORMS
    16.3 TWO DESERT LANDSCAPES IN THE UNITED STATES
    16.4 WIND IN DESERTS

    17.1 FORMATION OF GLACIERS
    17.2 GLACIAL MOVEMENT
    17.3 GLACIAL EROSION
    17.4 GLACIAL DEPOSITS
    17.5 THE PLEISTOCENE ICE AGE

    18.1 WAVES, TIDES, AND CURRENTS
    18.2 THE WATER’S EDGE
    18.3 EMERGENT AND SUBMERGENT COASTLINES
    18.4 SANDY AND ROCKY COASTLINES
    18.5 DEVELOPMENT OF COASTLINES
    18.6 GLOBAL WARMING AND SEA-LEVEL RISE

    19.1 GEOLOGIC RESOURCES
    19.2 NONMETALLIC MINERAL RESOURCES
    19.3 METALS AND ORE
    19.4 HOW ORE FORMS
    19.5 MINERAL RESERVES
    19.6 COAL
    19.7 MINES AND MINING
    19.8 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
    19.9 NUCLEAR FUELS AND REACTORS

    20.1 THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTINENT
    20.2 THE CRATON
    20.3 NORTH AMERICA: 2 BILLION YEARS AGO
    20.4 NORTH AMERICA: 1 BILLION YEARS AGO
    20.5 NORTH AMERICA: A HALF BILLION YEARS AGO
    20.6 BREAKUP OF PANGEA III
    20.7 BUILDING OF THE WESTERN MOUNTAINS
    20.8 THE PLEISTOCENE ICE AGE AND THE ARRIVAL OF HUMANS IN NORTH AMERICA

    A P P E N D I X A Systems of Measurement


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    Wednesday, May 18, 2011

    Petroleum Geology


    "Petroleum Geology" by R. E. Chapman
    Developments in Petroleum Science, vol. 16
    Elsevier Science Publishers | 1983 | ISBN: 0444421653 | 435 pages | PDF | 7 Mb


    In the last 30 years geology has moved offshore onto the continental shelves and ocean floors, largely under the stimulus of petroleum exploration, and with it has grown a great wealth of geological information. This is a view of petroleum geology that may also contribute something to our understanding of wider aspects of geology. Will interest those with some experience in the industry.
    Download Here : Part 1 and Part 2.