Sumatra: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution (Geological Society Memoirs, No. 31)

Sumatra: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution (Geological Society Memoirs, No. 31)

Publisher: Geological Society of London | ISBN: 1862391807 | edition 2005 | PDF | 300 pages | 47,8 mb

 This volume provides the first comprehensive account of the geology of Sumatra since the masterly synthesis of van Bemmelen (1949). Following the establishment of the Geological Survey of Indonesia, after WW II, the whole island has been mapped geologically at the reconnaissance level, with the collaboration of the geological surveys of the United States and the United Kingdom. The mapping programme, completed in the mid-1990s, together with supplementary data obtained by academic institutions and petroleum and mineral exploration companies, has resulted in a vast increase in geological information, which is summarized in this volume. The synthesis of structural controls on sedimentation and magmatism during the tectonic evolution of Sumatra since the late Palaeozoic has provided a background for the formation of economic deposits of metallic minerals, coal, oil and gas. The volume provides a sound basis for future geological research and for the exploration of the energy and mineral resources of the island.

CONTENT

Chapter 1. Introduction and previous research (3.0 Mb)
A. J. BARBER, M. J. CROW & J. S. MILSOM 

• History of geological research in Sumatra before WWII
• Post-WWII research
• SEATAR Programme
• Indonesian Petroleum Association
• British and Indonesian Geological Surveys
• University of London Southeast Asian Research Group, BGS and LEMIGAS 
• Southern Sumatra Project

Chapter 2. Seismology and neotectonics (2.2 Mb)
J. S. MILSOM

• Shallow seismicity
• The Wadati-Benioff Zone (WBZ)
• Toba seismicity
• Relative horizontal movements
• GPS data, the Enggano and Simeulue earthquakes and Mentawai Fault
• Vertical movements

Chapter 3. The gravity field (1.6 Mb)
J. S. MILSOM & A. S. D. WALKER

• Data sources
• Regional gravity patterns
• Toba-Tawar gravity low
• Eastern Sumatra
• Gravity effects of sedimentary basins
• The forearc basin
• Seismic tomography and the long-wavelength gravity field

Chapter 4. Pre-Tertiary stratigraphy (3.8 Mb)
A. J. BARBER • M. J. CROW

• Pre-Carboniferous basement
• Tapanuli Group (Carboniferous - ?Early Permian)
• Peusanguan Group (Permo-Triassic)
• Woyla Group (Jurassic-Cretaceous)

Chapter 5. Granites (1.4 Mb)
E. J. COBBING

• Isotopic ages of Sumatran granites
• The granite suites
• Conclusions

Chapter 6. Pre-Tertiary volcanic rocks (2.5 Mb)
M. J. CROW

• Carboniferous volcanism
• East Sumatra Plutonic-Volcanic Belt (Permian volcanism)
• West Sumatra Permian Plutonic-Volcanic Belt (Early-Mid-Permian volcanism)
• Geochemistry of the Silungkang and Palepat Formations
• Metavolcanics and serpentinites in the Medial Sumatra Tectonic Zone
• Bentong-Billiton Accretionary Complex
• West Sumatra Triassic Plutonic-Volcanic Arc
• Pahang Volcanic Belt
• Jurassic-Cretaceous Plutonic-Volcanic Arcs
• Volcanics in the Woyla Accretionary Complex
• Oceanic volcanic arc fragments
• Origins of the volcanic units and their environments of formation

Chapter 7. Tertiary stratigraphy (1.8 Mb)
M. E. M. DE SMET & A. J. BARBER

• Stratigraphic review
• Pre-Rift stage (Eocene)
• Horst and graben stage (latest Eocene-Oligocene)
• Transgressive stage (Late Oligocene-Mid-Miocene)
• Maximum transgression (Mid-Miocene)
• Regressive stage (Mid-Miocene-Present)
• Summary

Chapter 8. Tertiary volcanicity (2.1 Mb)
M. J. CROW

• Radiometric dating of volcanism and plutonism in Sumatra
• Tertiary volcanic stratigraphy
• Major and trace element geochemistry of the Tertiary volcanic rocks
• Volcanism, plutonism and subduction beneath Sumatra during the Tertiary: summary of Tertiary volcanism and tectonic overview

Chapter 9. Quaternary volcanicity (1.5 Mb)
M. GASPARON

• Quaternary volcanic arc and its relationship with main tectonic features of Sumatra
• Pyroclastic deposits
• Quaternary arc volcanoes
• Quaternary backarc volcanics
• Volcanic hazard

Chapter 10. Fuel resources: oil and gas (1.6 Mb)
J. CLURE

• North Sumatra Basin
• Central Sumatra Basin
• South Sumatra Basin
• Other Sumatran basins

Chapter 11. Fuel resources: coal (0.5 Mb)
L. P. THOMAS

• Geology and coal deposits in Sumatra
• Coal quality
• Coal resources and production

Chapter 12. Metallic mineral resources (2.7 Mb)
M. J. CROW & T. M. VAN LEEUWEN

• Sources of data
• Timing of metallic mineralization events in Sumatra
• Palaeozoic sedimentary basins (Pb-Zn)
• Late Triassic-Early Jurassic magmatic arc and the Tin Granites (Sn, Wo)
• Jurassic to Early Cretaceous magmatic arcs (Cu, Au)
• Woyla Group and Accretion Complex (Au-Ag, Pb-Zn)
• Late Cretaceous magmatic arc (Sn, Au-Ag)
• Palaeocene magmatic arc (Cu, Au-Ag)
• Late Eocene-Early Miocene magmatic arc
• Miocene-Pliocene magmatic arc (porphyry Cu, Mo)
• Neogene magmatic arc (Au-Ag)
• Conclusions

Chapter 13. Structure and structural history (17.7 Mb)
A. J. BARBER • M. J. CROW

• The Sunda forearc
• The Barisan Mountains
• Tertiary basins in the backarc area

Chapter 14. Tectonic evolution (6.1 Mb)
A. J. BARBER, M. J. CROW & M. E. M. DE SMET

• Pulunggono & Cameron (1984) model
• Fontaine & Gafoer (1989) model
• Metcalfe (1996) model
• Hutchison (1994) model
• Revised tectonic model for Sumatra
• The Woyla Nappe and the Mesozoic evolution of the Sundaland margin
• Tertiary palaeogeography of Sumatra
• Recommendations for future work on Sumatran geology

Appendix Radiometric age data for Sumatra (3.2 Mb)

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